Chainsaws: What You Need to Know Before You Buy

Many homeowners rely on landscapers to handle the heavy work around their yards, but for those who feel inclined to take on a project or two, chainsaws can prove invaluable.

Some of the projects for which chainsaws are useful include:

• chopping off branches or cutting down small trees;
• cutting one's own lumber, whether from slab wood or from previously felled trees; and
• creating foliage sculptures or wood carving, which some users elevate to an art.

Your usage will determine the type of chainsaw you need.

The first things you should consider when making a purchase are: budget; frequency of use; how it is powered; and area — meaning how far will the saw need to travel to be useful in your yard.

Electric Power

There are two types of electric chainsaws: cordless and corded. Cordless chainsaws require charging in order to remain ready for use and can hold a charge for only so long before becoming depleted. They are best deployed in instances where a minimal amount of work is needed.

Corded chainsaws do not require charging, but are limited in distance, depending on the location of your outlet and whether you want to invest in grounded extension cords.

Electric chainsaws of either type are quieter than their gas-powered cousins, but what they save in volume, they often lose in power. Some versions of electric chainsaws are strong enough to compete with gas-powered types, but buyers will pay a premium for the option.

Electric Chainsaw Options

The top of the electric heap is the Makita UC4051A 16-in. electric chainsaw. It has a 14.5-amp motor capable of running at 2,900 (feet per minute). It weighs 12.3 lbs. and features both a built-in limiter to avoid motor burnout and an automatic oiler with a viewing window. No tools are needed to adjust the chain tension. It also offers a chain brake, a soft starter and comfortable grips.

Remington also makes a good electric saw: the Limb and Trim RM1425 14-in. 8-amp model. A cut above a hedge trimmer, it weighs just 6.25 lbs. and is ideal for small jobs. Regardless, it effectively cuts through petite branches and firewood logs and is great for pruning around the yard. It features an easy-to-access chain tensioner and a push button oiler. Plus, at just 14 in., kickback is low, ensuring safer cutting.

Oregon, a company best known for producing high-quality bars and chains, also makes a few great chainsaws. The CS1500, a 15-amp saw with an 18-in. minimal kickback bar and chain system, includes a built-in self-sharpening feature activated by pulling a lever. Like the Makita, the chain can be tightened without tools. The CS1500 weighs 12.6 lbs., has a chain brake system, low-vibration grips to limit hand and arm fatigue and includes automatic oiling.

Battery-Powered Chainsaws

The category of non-gas-powered chainsaws also includes saws powered by batteries, which have grown increasingly popular as lithium-ion technology has improved.

The DeWalt DCCS670B 60V MAX 16 in. Brushless Cordless Chainsaw features a brushless motor and a low-kickback 16 in. bar and chain, tool-free chain tensioning and bar tightening knob, auto-oiling for continuous chain lubrication and weighs 14 lbs.

Black and Decker also makes a solid cordless chainsaw. The LCS1240 12-in. 40-volt saw is well-suited for chopping firewood, pruning, and even felling small to medium-sized trees. It weighs 8.3 lbs. and can process approximately 60 cuts or run for up to 50 minutes per charge. A tool-free chain tensioner and automatic oiler are standard.

Makita also offers a lithium-ion battery-powered cordless chainsaw. Known for delivering more power than its 36 volts suggest (powered by two 18-volt LXT lithium-ion batteries), the Makita GCU05T is a good choice for users already invested in Makita's cordless tool lineup. It is a 40V max XGT Brushless Cordless 16" Chain Saw. Batteries and charger are sold separately. The saw features tool-less chain tensioning, adjustable automatic chain lubrication, a chain brake, weighs 14.6 lbs. and runs at 5,020 ft. per minute.

Gas-Powered Chainsaws

Gas-powered chainsaws are strong, but they also emit fumes and noise, making them less ideal for some residential environments. Along with power comes increased vibration, a side effect users may notice in their arms or hands after extended use, especially if they are unaccustomed to heavier power tools.

However, gas-powered chainsaws remain the most popular choice for professionals and homeowners with large properties or wooded areas.

The Husqvarna 450 50.2cc features an 18-in. bar with a 3.2 hp X-Torq engine designed to reduce exhaust emissions. It includes vibration dampening and an easy-operating Smart Start system, and weighs just 11.3 lbs.

The Stihl MS 251 C-BE 45.6cc is another excellent gas-powered option. It accepts 14-, 16-, or 18-in. bars and includes ErgoStart, a master control lever, carburetor heating, an Ematic oiler, and 2.95 hp output. It weighs 11.9 lbs.

The Echo CS-450P 45cc should not be overlooked. It accepts bar lengths from 16 to 20 in. and features digital ignition, an automotive-style air filter and engine pre-cleaner, vibration reduction and the highest available EPA durability certification.

Choosing the Right Bar Length

The size of the chainsaw you need is another key consideration. Bar length — the size of the blade around which the chain is wrapped — should be at least two inches longer than the usual size of wood you cut.

Thinner trees, foliage and common branch types (anything less than a foot in diameter) can generally be handled with 12- to 14-in. bars. Electric and battery-powered chainsaws are well-suited for this range.

Wood larger than 14 in. in diameter typically requires a gas-powered chainsaw. Sixteen- to 20-in. bars are common, though some high-end electric models also are available in this size. Users seeking lighter-weight tools may find these electric options appealing.

Chainsaws with bars more than 20 in. are typically commercial-grade machines. Though expensive, these saws can last for many years with proper maintenance.

Chainsaw Maintenance

Maintaining a chainsaw is an important part of ownership and a key factor in both performance and safety. Proper care not only extends the life of the saw but also improves cutting efficiency and reduces wear on internal components.

Chain Sharpening:

A sharp chain delivers cleaner cuts, reduces strain on the motor or engine and lowers the risk of kickback. Dull chains force users to apply pressure, increasing fatigue and decreasing accuracy. Chainsaw filing kits are widely available and typically include round files in multiple sizes, filing guides, depth gauges and handles for improved control. Many manufacturers provide chain-specific sharpening recommendations, and following those guidelines helps ensure consistent results.

Bar and Chain Cleaning:

During use, bars and chains collect sawdust, sap and dirt. This buildup increases friction and accelerates wear. After each use, especially when cutting near soil or mud, users should wipe down the bar and chain and clean the groove where the chain rides. Removing the clutch cover periodically allows access to hidden debris that can interfere with proper oiling.

Proper Chain Tension:

Correct chain tension is essential for safety and performance. Most chainsaws require approximately 1/8 in. of slack. A chain that is too loose can derail or break, while an overly tight chain can stall the motor or damage the bar. Always adjust tension with the chain cool, as chains expand during operation.

Oiling the Chain:

Chainsaws rely on proper lubrication to prevent metal-on-metal wear. Automatic oilers simplify this process, but users should regularly check oil levels and inspect the chain's appearance. A dry or dull-looking chain indicates inadequate lubrication. Only bar-and-chain oil should be used, as it is specifically formulated to adhere to fast-moving components.

Air Filter Care (Gas Models):

Gas-powered chainsaws rely on clean airflow for proper combustion. Dust and debris can clog filters quickly, particularly during heavy cutting. Filters should be cleaned after use and replaced periodically. A clean air filter improves fuel efficiency and reduces engine wear.

Fuel Management:

Old gasoline can thicken and form residue that damages engines. If a chainsaw will be stored for an extended period, the fuel tank should be emptied or treated with a fuel stabilizer. Fresh fuel should always be used to maintain proper engine performance.

By following these maintenance guidelines, chainsaw owners can expect safer operation, better cutting performance and a longer service life from their equipment.